[9], Cucurbita fruits are large and fleshy. "The Versatility of the Feral Buffalo Gourd, "The Cucurbit Images (1515–1518) of the Villa Farnesina, Rome", "The Marrow Song (Oh What A Beauty!) [28] Ground-based bees such as squash bees and the eastern bumblebee are better suited to handle the larger pollen particles that pumpkins create,[29][30] but today most commercial plantings are pollinated by hives of honeybees, which also allows the production and sale of honey that the bees produce from the pumpkin pollen. The vegetable is one of the food items recommended by dieticians in cholesterol controlling and weight reduction programs. Cucumber 0; Melon 0; Pumpkin 13; Squash 10; Watermelon 0; Zucchini 0; Cuisine Styles. By c. 8,000 years BP the C. pepo peduncles found are consistently more than 10 millimeters (0.39 in) thick. Pumpkin, which is a type of squash, isn't the only plant in the family that comes with many seeds. [9], C. maxima originated in South America over 4,000 years ago,[32] probably in Argentina and Uruguay. In the southwestern United States and Mexico, pumpkin and squash flowers are a popular and widely available food item. ): a review", "Rapid Induction and Severity of Symptoms in Zucchini Squash (, "Complex Spatial Responses to Cucumber Mosaic Virus Infection in Susceptible, "Occurrence of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus in Cucurbits from Connecticut, New York, Florida, and California", "Pumpkin Bread and 18 Other Pumpkin Recipes You Must Make Now". The high fiber content aids proper digestion. Used in pies, cakes, puddings and more, pumpkin is a favorite fall and winter ingredient. [58] It has been present in Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Peru for 4,000–6,000 years and has spread to Bolivia, Ecuador, Panama, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela. [102], Cucurbita species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae), Hypercompe indecisa, and the turnip moth (Agrotis segetum). Summer squash, presently the most common group of cultivars, origin is recent (19th century), semi-shrubby, cylindrical fruit with a mostly consistent diameter, This page was last edited on 29 November 2020, at 01:16. Cultivated Cucurbita species were derived from the first group. [98][100], Cucurbitacin is a plant steroid present in wild Cucurbita and in each member of the family Cucurbitaceae. NZ $4.95 Description These open pollinated giants have yellow to orange flesh and a fairly smooth medium orange shell with wide ribs. The Accademia della Crusca prefers the masculine form, and the Treccani prefers the feminine, considering the masculine to be Tuscan dialect. [52], C. argyrosperma is not as widespread as the other species. It is one of the very low-calorie vegetables. [37][38] When used for cooking or as a salad dressing, pumpkin seed oil is generally mixed with other oils because of its robust flavor. sororia is found from Mexico to Nicaragua, and cultivated forms are used in a somewhat wider area stretching from Panama to the southeastern United States. [32], All species of Cucurbita have 20 pairs of chromosomes. [52][64] All but a few C. pepo cultivars can be included in these groups. [166] Ludwigsburg, Germany annually hosts the world's largest pumpkin festival. In 100 grams, raw squash supplies 16 calories and is rich in vitamin C (20% of the Daily Value, DV), moderate in vitamin B6 and riboflavin (12–17% DV), but otherwise devoid of appreciable nutrient content (table), although the nutrient content of different Curcubita species may vary somewhat. We are one of the leading retail and wholesale suppliers of high quality pumpkins, ornamental gourds, vegetables, and other farm fresh produce in north-east Missouri. [57] This has led to a notable trend in pumpkin and spice flavored food products in North America. Well, Jim Davis surely categorized pumpkin as a vegetable! Pumpkin has an impressive … Swedish botanist Charles Linnaeus devised a system to classify vegetable family names in the 1770s. [32] Species native to North America include C. digitata (calabazilla),[72] and C. foetidissima (buffalo gourd),[73] C. palmata (coyote melon), and C. [55], In the United States, the carved pumpkin was first associated with the harvest season in general, long before it became an emblem of Halloween. Also, pumpkin can be used to flavor both alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages. Vegetables, on the other hand, are the edible portion of plants such as leaves, stems, roots, bullbs, flowers, and tubers. [9] The current world record was set in 2014 by Beni Meier of Switzerland with a 2,323.7-pound (1,054.0 kg) pumpkin. The seeds are a popular sunflower seed substitute. Lagenaria are in the same family and subfamily as Cucurbita but in a different tribe. by Edrich Siebert", "A new way to create pumpkin spice products, drugs, cosmetics", "Pumpkin seed (Cucurbitae peponis semen)", "Smashing Success! [7], The term pumpkin has no agreed upon botanical or scientific meaning,[8] and is used interchangeably with "squash" and "winter squash". C. argyrosperma has ovate-cordate (egg-shaped to heart-shaped) leaves. [57], C. pepo is one of the oldest, if not the oldest, domesticated species with the oldest known locations being Oaxaca, Mexico, 8,000–10,000 years ago, and Ocampo, Tamaulipas, Mexico, about 7,000 years ago. [15], Pumpkins are grown all around the world for a variety of reasons ranging from agricultural purposes (such as animal feed) to commercial and ornamental sales. [44][45][qualify evidence] In China, C. moschata seeds were also used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of the parasitic disease schistosomiasis[46] and for the expulsion of tape worms. [104] Cucurbita can be susceptible to the pest Bemisia argentifolii (silverleaf whitefly)[105] as well as aphids (Aphididae), cucumber beetles (Acalymma vittatum and Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi), squash bug (Anasa tristis), the squash vine borer (Melittia cucurbitae), and the two-spotted spidermite (Tetranychus urticae). There is wide variation in size, shape, and color among Cucurbita fruits, and even within a single species. The plurals are zucchini and zucchine. Beets taste more earthy after fermenting raw. [175], A genus of herbaceous vines in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae, Due to wide variation in how the terms squash, pumpkin, and gourd are used, even among academics, in this article, the term squash can refer to any member of the genus, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, De Historia Stirpium Commentarii Insignes, "Cucurbitaceae--Fruits for Peons, Pilgrims, and Pharaohs", "2014 - Beni Meier and his 2323.7 pound World Record Giant Pumpkin! [6][9][59][60] Debates about the origin of C. pepo have been on-going since at least 1857. Pumpkins that are still small and green may be eaten in the same way as summer squash or zucchini. [36][37] Seedlessness is known to occur in certain cultivars of C. Seeds for studying additional species members were not available. [9], C. ficifolia and C. moschata were originally thought to be Asiatic in origin, but this has been disproven. So are gourds fruit? "[2][3] Under this theory, the term transitioned through the Latin word peponem and the Middle French word pompon to the Early Modern English pompion, which was changed to pumpkin by 17th-century English colonists, shortly after encountering pumpkins upon their arrival in what is now the northeastern United States. [1] The oldest evidence were pumpkin fragments dated between 7,000 and 5,500 BC found in Mexico. Summer squash, long round slender fruit that is slightly bulbous at the apex. [106] The squash bug causes major damage to plants because of its very toxic saliva. Sixteen of the 21 species were grouped into five clusters with the remaining five being classified separately:[28][29], The full phylogeny of this genus is unknown, and research was ongoing in 2014. Pumpkin is 92% water, 6.5% carbohydrate, 0.1% fat and 1% protein (table). [3] In 1990, Cucurbita expert Michael Nee classified them into the following oft-cited 13 species groups (27 species total), listed by group and alphabetically, with geographic origin:[6][23][24][25], The taxonomy by Nee closely matches the species groupings reported in a pair of studies by a botanical team led by Rhodes and Bemis in 1968 and 1970 based on statistical groupings of several phenotypic traits of 21 species. The pumpkin recipes here range from simple bread puddings to show-stopping holiday desserts—and thanks to canned pumpkin, you can enjoy pumpkin recipes all throughout the year. Highly Nutritious and Particularly Rich in Vitamin A. In a seed batch with 90 percent germination rate, over 90 percent of the plants had sprouted after 29 days from planting. [3] Cucurbitacin is also used as a lure in insect traps. Best for: Sweet pumpkin pies. Summer squash, shrubby plant, with yellow, golden, or white fruit which is long and curved at the end and generally has a verrucose (wart-covered) rind. Frame for text. It is known to have appeared in Missouri, United States, at least 4,000 years ago.

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